Windows

Windows CMD & PowerShell 0 dan: To‘liq Qo‘llanma

📅 3 Fevral, 2026 | ⏱️ 25–40 daqiqa | ✍️ Otabek Shodiyorov

📌 Mundarija
  1. CMD vs PowerShell
  2. Fayl/papka
  3. Tarmoq
  4. Jarayonlar
  5. Servislar
  6. Xavfsizlik diagnostikasi
  7. Cheatsheet

1) CMD vs PowerShell

2) Fayl va papkalar

dir
cd Desktop
mkdir test
type file.txt
copy a.txt b.txt
move b.txt C:\Temp
del a.txt

3) Tarmoq

ipconfig /all
ping 8.8.8.8
tracert google.com
nslookup example.com
netstat -ano
arp -a

4) Jarayonlar

tasklist
taskkill /PID 1234 /F

5) Servislar

sc query
sc start servicename
sc stop servicename

6) Xavfsizlik diagnostikasi

whoami
whoami /groups
net user
net localgroup administrators

7) Cheatsheet

# PowerShell
Get-Process | Select-Object -First 10
Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Status -eq "Running"} | Select-Object -First 10
Test-NetConnection -ComputerName 8.8.8.8 -Port 53
📞 Aloqa

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CMD Cheat Sheet (0 dan) — Eng kerakli buyruqlar

Quyidagi buyruqlar Windows’da tizim holatini tekshirish, tarmoq diagnostikasi va log/konfiguratsiyani ko‘rish uchun ishlatiladi. Bularni faqat ruxsatli tizimlarda va o‘zingizning kompyuteringizda ishlating.

1) Tizim haqida ma’lumot

systeminfo hostname wmic os get osarchitecture echo %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%

Izoh: OS versiya, arxitektura (x64/x86), kompyuter nomi va boshqa detallarni chiqaradi.

2) Environment (muhit o‘zgaruvchilari)

set
  • COMPUTERNAME — kompyuter nomi
  • USERNAME — user
  • TEMP/TMP — vaqtinchalik papka
  • USERPROFILE — home papka
  • windir — Windows papkasi (odatda C:\Windows)

3) Tarmoq diagnostikasi

ipconfig /all ping 8.8.8.8 tracert google.com arp -a netstat -ano

Izoh: IP konfiguratsiya, marshrut (route), ARP kesh va ochiq ulanish/portlarni ko‘rish.

4) Jarayonlar va servislar

tasklist tasklist /svc sc query sc start SERVICENAME sc stop SERVICENAME

Izoh: Qaysi process ishlayapti va qaysi servislar yoqilganini tekshiradi.

5) Xavfsizlik eslatmasi

  • Ko‘rganingizni tushunmay turib o‘zgartirmang (firewall, service, registry).
  • Tizimda noma’lum port/ulanish bo‘lsa: avval netstat -ano → keyin PID’ni tasklist bilan aniqlang.

Windows nima? CMD va PowerShell farqi

Windows — Microsoft’ning operatsion tizimi. Unda tizimni boshqarish uchun 2 ta asosiy konsol bor:

Eslatma: Bu sahifa diagnostika va himoya (defensive) maqsadida tuzilgan.

Tizim haqida ma’lumot

systeminfo
systeminfo | findstr /B /C:"OS Name" /C:"OS Version"
hostname
wmic os get osarchitecture
wmic computersystem LIST full
wmic qfe list brief

Bu buyruqlar kompyuter modeli, OS versiya, arxitektura va o‘rnatilgan yangilanishlarni ko‘rsatadi.

Environment (muhit o‘zgaruvchilari)

set
echo %USERNAME%
echo %COMPUTERNAME%
echo %USERPROFILE%
echo %windir%

Domain muhitida foydali o‘zgaruvchilar: %USERDOMAIN%, %USERDNSDOMAIN%, %LOGONSERVER%.

Protsesslar va servislar

tasklist /V
tasklist /SVC
net start
sc query
schtasks /query /fo LIST /v

Agar kompyuter sekinlashsa yoki shubhali servis bo‘lsa, shu buyruqlar yordam beradi.

Tarmoq diagnostikasi

ipconfig /all
route print
arp -a
netstat -ano
type C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts
ipconfig /displaydns

Share / SMB haqida

net view
net share
net view \\COMPUTER /ALL

Sessionlar

qwinsta
klist sessions

Terminal sessionlar va Kerberos sessionlar (domain bo‘lsa) ko‘rinadi.

Firewall: holatini ko‘rish

netsh advfirewall show allprofiles
netsh advfirewall firewall show rule name=all

Firewall’ni o‘chirib qo‘yish tavsiya etilmaydi. Xavfsizlik uchun aksincha sozlab ishlatish kerak.

Wi‑Fi profillar (faqat o‘zingizniki)

netsh wlan show profile
netsh wlan show profile "SSID_NOMI" key=clear

Bu buyruq saqlangan Wi‑Fi profillarni ko‘rsatadi. Faqat o‘zingizga tegishli tarmoq/parolni tekshirish uchun ishlating.

Kundalik foydali CMD buyruqlar

cd
dir /a
dir /s /b
type file.txt
time
date
shutdown /r /t 0