HTML 0 dan: To‘liq Darslik

1) HTML nima?

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) — web sahifa tuzilishini belgilaydigan belgilash tili. HTML — dizayn emas (CSS), funksionallik emas (JavaScript). HTML — “skelet”.

🎯 Maqsad

Bu sahifada HTML ni 0 dan o‘rganib, oxirida kichik “Portfolio + Darslik” sahifasini yig‘amiz.

2) Kerakli dasturlar

3) HTML skeleti

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="uz">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Mening sahifam</title>
</head>
<body>
  <h1>Salom!</h1>
</body>
</html>

4) Matn va sarlavhalar

<a href="https://example.com" target="_blank">Saytga o‘tish</a>
<img src="rasm.jpg" alt="Tavsif" width="300">
🧠 Eslatma

alt — accessibility (ko‘rish qiyin bo‘lganlar) va SEO uchun juda muhim.

6) Ro‘yxatlar

UL (nuqtali)

<ul>
  <li>Birinchi</li>
  <li>Ikkinchi</li>
</ul>

OL (raqamli)

<ol>
  <li>Qadam 1</li>
  <li>Qadam 2</li>
</ol>

7) Jadval

<table>
  <thead>
    <tr><th>Ism</th><th>Yosh</th></tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr><td>Ali</td><td>20</td></tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

8) Forma (input)

Forma — foydalanuvchi ma’lumot kiritadigan joy. Masalan: login, signup, feedback.

<form>
  <label>Ism:
    <input type="text" name="ism" required>
  </label>

  <label>Parol:
    <input type="password" name="parol" minlength="8">
  </label>

  <button type="submit">Yuborish</button>
</form>

9) Semantik teglar

Semantik teglar sahifani tartibli qiladi va SEO/accessibility ni yaxshilaydi.

10) Media va iframe

<audio controls src="audio.mp3"></audio>

<video controls width="520">
  <source src="video.mp4" type="video/mp4">
</video>

<iframe src="https://example.com" width="520" height="300"></iframe>

11) Mini-loyiha: “1 sahifalik portfolio”

  1. Sarlavha: Ism/Familiya
  2. Skills: HTML/CSS/JS
  3. Projectlar: 3 ta karta
  4. Aloqa: Telefon + Telegram
✅ Natija

Hozirgi sayt uslubida, lekin o‘zingning kontenting bilan “portfolio” tayyor bo‘ladi.

12) Mashqlar


📞 Aloqa

Savollar bo‘lsa yozing:

HTML nima?

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) — web sahifaning skeleti. Ya’ni: sarlavha, matn, rasm, tugma, forma, bo‘limlar — hammasi HTML bilan.

Minimal HTML tuzilma

<!doctype html>
<html lang="uz">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <title>Mening sahifam</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Salom!</h1>
    <p>Bu mening birinchi web sahifam.</p>
  </body>
</html>

Semantik teglar (SEO va tartib)

<header>...</header>
<nav>...</nav>
<main>...</main>
<section>...</section>
<article>...</article>
<footer>...</footer>

Semantik teglar sahifani “tushunarli” qiladi: brauzer, qidiruv, screen reader.

Amaliy mini-loyiha

Uyga vazifa: “Portfolio Card”:

  1. Ism, yo‘nalish, 3 ta skill ro‘yxati
  2. Telegram link
  3. 1 ta rasm (avatar)

Keyin CSS sahifasida shu card’ga chiroyli dizayn beramiz.